The role of ventilators in the treatment of novel corona (COVID-19)

The role of ventilators in the treatment of novel corona (COVID-19)

Does the new corona virus cause damage to the lungs?

Coronary viruses, including the newly developed corona virus, affect the respiratory system, and infection usually begins with the lining of the throat and respiratory passages, so the early symptoms of infection are: coughing, shortness of breath, runny nose, sore throat, and in some cases this virus may lead to attachment Lung damage and damage, some people may have Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, which causes severe breathing. [1]

What is the role of respirators in the treatment of the emerging corona virus?

COVID-19 may cause respiratory problems and flu-like symptoms, as previously described. According to reports issued by the World Health Organization, about 723,345 people have been infected around the world, and it is worth noting that 95% of them have mild and mild symptoms. They recover without the need for special treatment, [2] [3] while the rest suffer from severe respiratory symptoms that call for their intensive care and use of ventilator to provide them with the necessary oxygen, [4] as the ventilator is one of the devices The medical device used to provide oxygen to patients who are unable to breathe due to an infection. This device enters the air into the lungs and then allows it to get out exactly as the lungs do in the normal way. [5] [6]

Who are infected with the emerging coronavirus who need respirators?

Ventilators are used in patients infected with the emerging coronavirus in the following cases: [7]

• People with severe symptoms.
• People with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
• People with other respiratory complications.

In the event of a shortage of ventilators, who should be given priority?

Countries of the world are seeking to avoid the current situation in Italy, where it came to a lack of ventilators and the selection of patients who have priority in receiving respiratory support through these devices, so doctors in Italy give priority to younger patients because the chance of their survival is higher, [8] It has been shown that the best way to prevent deficiency in ventilators is to prevent the spread of the disease and reduce the number of people at risk of infection, by following appropriate precautions to prevent the spread of the emerging corona virus. [9]

The principle of the work of ventilators

Resorting to ventilators when facing breathing problems, such as feeling restless or uncomfortable, or even unable to breathe completely, as the use of these devices is designed to help the victim to breathe; Where the principle of its work is to enter the air loaded with oxygen into the lungs through the airways, and then get rid of carbon dioxide gas from the lungs out of the body, and thus breathing process as if it were normal. [10]


How long will the patient continue to put on a ventilator?The ventilator may be one of the ways used to keep the newly infected person with the Coronavirus, some may need it for hours or days, while others may need it for a longer period, depending on a number of factors including: the general health of the infected person, and the position of the lungs before using Ventilator, the number of other virus-affected organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. [11]

How does the patient feel while placing the ventilator?

The ventilator does not cause pain, but some people may experience discomfort in the presence of a tube inside the mouth or nose, which prevents them from speaking or eating, so patients are usually given sedative or analgesic drugs to make them feel comfortable, and these medications may cause Sleepiness, and in some cases, doctors may prefer to use muscle relaxants temporarily, to stop the normal breathing process that may cause some discomfort and discomfort as a result of the patient trying to breathe in a way that is counteracting to the work of the ventilator, usually it is stopped before the ventilator is removed. [11]

What will the medical staff do in case the patient does not improve on the ventilator?

In the event that the patient does not respond despite using the ventilator, the medical staff seeks to provide care to the person concerned in all aspects in order to prevent complications resulting from his stay in the intensive care unit, the medical staff may try to stop the device if possible, and help the patient to perform his activities Everyday. [12]

When will the ventilator be stopped?

The ventilator system is stopped in cases where the patient shows a significant improvement so that he does not need to breathe through the device, provided that the patient's body has the ability to exchange gases well, and that his nerve and muscular condition is appropriate, and that the cardiovascular function is good for the doctor From turning off the device. [13]


References
↑ "How does coronavirus affect the body?", www.medicalnewstoday.com, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Coronavirus", www.who.int, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC", www.worldometers.info, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Respiratory Management of People with COVID-19", members.physio-pedia.com, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "When a Ventilator Is Necessary", www.verywellhealth.com, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "What are ventilators?", empathhealth.org, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Respiratory Management of COVID 19", www.physio-pedia.com, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "What is a ventilator and how does it help COVID-19 patients?", www.pbs.org, Retrieved 30-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "How ventilators work and why they are so important in saving people with coronavirus", www.theguardian.com, Retrieved 30-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Ventilator/Ventilator Support", www.nhlbi.nih.gov, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
^ أ ب "Mechanical Ventilation", www.thoracic.org, Retrieved 29-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Understanding Your ICU Stay ", www.samhealth.org, Retrieved 30-3-2020. Edited.
↑ "Weaning from mechanical ventilation", www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Retrieved 30-3-2020. Edited.