Definition of peace

  

Definition of peace

Definition of peace

Peace in the language is a source, and it is a noun that is derived from the verb salam, and comes in the sense of safety and deliverance from what is not desired. It is said: Peace of the matter; That is, escapes from it, safety from pests is survival and disposal, and peace in its broad sense can include several definitions; Peace in the Sharia is a term that denotes innocence from defects. The word peace means greeting. It is the greeting of Islam and the greeting of the people of Paradise, such as when it is said: Peace be upon you when meeting people or saying goodbye to them, as if the Muslim says to his brother: (You have peace with me, so do not fear anything, and the other responds to him in kind), and it is said upon leaving the prayer, also: Peace be upon you, And when it is said: Peace be upon him; That is, supplication with prayer and mercy from God and his angels, just as peace is one of the Most Beautiful Names of God and one of his attributes, and he called himself - the Almighty - by this name. For his safety from all that befalls his creatures and servants, from deficiency, defect, and even annihilation; God Almighty said:(He is God, who has no god but the Holy King, peace ...) , [1] When it is said: The House of Peace; What is meant is heaven, and peace is Baghdad, just as peace is a kind of tree. [2] [3] 

Peace is defined as an anti-war term. That it is the absence of disturbances, acts of violence, and wars, such as: terrorism , or religious, sectarian, or regional conflicts; This is due to political, economic or ethnic considerations. The definition of peace also comes in the sense of security, stability and harmony, and based on this definition, peace is a positive and desirable state that human groups or states seek to conclude an agreement among themselves to reach a state of calm and stability, as peace in this definition does not mean the absence of disturbances in all its forms. Rather, it means striving to reach positive aspects. [4]

Pillars of Peace

For peace to be achieved in any society, there must be a set of pillars that are closely related to the political management of societies, including: [4]

Proper management of pluralism: Human societies are based on religious, cultural and political pluralism. It is difficult to have a society consisting of one race or one religion, and this mixture is either governed by a sound management that preserves the rights of the minority without discrimination, and by giving them space to express their beliefs in an atmosphere of respect. Tolerance is either governed by regimes that fear diversity and work to crush the different other and deprive him of his rights and freedoms, and this would lead to wars based on religion, sect or ethnicity, resulting in the political and economic destruction of the state , and the emergence of generations loaded with hatred towards the other seeking revenge always.

Refer to the law: by affirming a set of principles that achieve equality and justice among individuals, considering that individuals are equal before the law without discrimination between them in color, gender, religion or ethnicity, the law must be applied to everyone regardless of religious, political and geographical affiliations. Allowing the individual to resort to the courts without burdening him beyond his capacity, and court rulings are strictly applied without exceptions. In the absence of one of these basics in the country, the impact on societal peace will be evident.

Good governance: Many of the disturbances and acts of violence occur as a result of the corruption of the governance systems in countries where democracy is absent . Good governance means the existence of a system of government based on accountability and combating corruption, through state institutions such as the People’s Assembly, civil society and the press. It also means empowering individuals and raising their level of awareness. And their capabilities, by providing educational, cultural, health services, job opportunities and others, and encouraging them to participate in public work.

Obstacles to peace

Among the obstacles that prevent the achievement of security and peace in the contemporary world: [5]

Emerging conflicts between the poles of the world: The major powers have the right of veto in the Security Council , as these countries advance their interests over the interests of world security and stability.

Religious and ethnic intolerance: it results in a lot of unrest and acts of violence, which generate hatred, extremism, and terrorism .

The ambitions of the great countries: the ambitions of these countries and their struggle to control the natural and economic resources of the developing countries .

Disruption of the global economic system: which results in the existence of very poor societies in addition to the presence of rich societies, and this leads to a state of hatred and discontent.

Efforts to spread peace throughout history

Many Western scholars believe that international political relations in ancient times began since the Westphalian Conference in 1648 AD, but there are other opinions that explained the existence of political relations since 1278 BC, that is, when Ramses II, King of the Abyssinians signed the Peace Treaty in Asia Minor, the disclosures clarified. Archeology and established relations between the countries of Mesopotamia, dating back to 3000 years BC. [6]

The observer in the history books reads the treaties concluded by the Pharaohs with the Abyssinians, which are based on the principle of a defensive alliance between the two states against any external aggression, while the political relations that characterize the Assyrians were based on the principle of superiority and constant hostility against any other nation, while the relations between the Greek cities were described It is more stable and orderly, when differences occurred between them, they resorted to diplomatic methods and arbitration, as for the Roman Empire, it preferred to use force and supremacy over other nations, but this did not prevent it from concluding agreements with the countries that controlled it, so it established a law that protects the empire and maintains its stability By recognizing the local laws of the peoples to which they were subjected. [6]

While the international political relations that prevailed in the Middle Ages, starting from the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476 AD, until Constantinople was conquered as the capital of the Roman Empire in the east in 1453 AD at the hands of Muhammad the Conqueror. In this period he played Christian religion an important role, where he dominated the referee Alknaisa the western kingdoms, and established the Church international system advocated peace and to stop the killing and bloodshed, this period was marked by the superiority of the Pope Wisely Church, while the continued relationship between the princes of Christians is based on a system of feudalism As for international political relations in the era of IslamThe scholars of Islam differed in the interpretation of the relations between Muslims and other nations, some of them saw that these relations were based on war, and some saw that they were based on peace and non-coercion. And trade, and what was most characteristic of the Islamic state was the extent of its commitment to these agreements that it entered into with the people of other non-Islamic countries. [6]

The role of the United Nations in spreading peace

The United Nations is a global organization founded in 1945, which includes in its membership the vast majority of the world's independent states, which number 193 member states, as it aims to maintain international peace and security, disarm, develop relations between countries, and achieve international cooperation in all fields. [7]

Among the main organs of the United Nations concerned with the affairs of world peace: [8]

The General Assembly: It is the organ of deliberation, policy development and representation in the United Nations, and every member of the United Nations has representation in the General Assembly. Every year, member states meet for general discussion, which world leaders attend and deliver their speeches.

The Security Council: which has the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It consists of 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members elected by the General Assembly for a two-year term.

The International Court of Justice : It is the judicial organ that works to solve disputes between states.

The General Secretariat: It provides its services in managing peace operations and preparing studies on human rights .

References

↑ Surah Al-Hashr, verse 23.

↑ “The definition and meaning of peace in the comprehensive dictionary of meanings” , www.almaany.com , accessed on 3-4-2018. Acted.

↑ “On the definition of peace and the statement of the enemies of Islam , ” www.alifta.net , accessed on 4-4-2018. Acted.

^ A b Maat Center for Peace, Development and Human Rights (04/04/2010), " the concept of social peace" , Tfpb.org , briefed him on 05.03.2018. Acted.

↑ Abdulaziz Al-Tuwaijri (5-6-2017), “A Vision to Obstacles to Peace , ” www.alhayat.com , accessed on 5-3-2018. Acted.

^ A b c d. Ali Al-Aqabi (2010), International Relations, An Analytical Study in Origins, Origins, History and Theories (First Edition), pages: 37-43. Acted.

↑ “The United Nations - Overview” , www.un.org , accessed 5-3-2018. Acted.

↑ “The United Nations - Main Organs” , www.un.org , accessed 5-3-2018. Acted.